Outdoor Killifisch
Fundulus 39 Arten
Fundulus (Lacépéde 1803)
Histoire Naturelle des Poissons. Plassan Ed., Paris, 5: 37.
Type-species: by subsequent designation (Jordan & Gilbert, 1877) as Fundulus "mudfish" Lacepède, 1803
= Cobitis heteroclita (Linnaeus, 1766).
Fundulus heteroclitus (Linnaeus 1766
Systema Naturae sive Regna tria Naturae, secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, Ed. 12, vol. 1: 500.
Type locality: Charles-Town (today Charleston), Carolina, U.S.A.
Untergattung Fundulus, (Lacépéde, 1803) (20 Arten)
Fundulus albolineatus, Gilbert 1891
Fundulus antillarum, Fowler 1916 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus bartrami, Fundulus Fowler 1941 Synonym of Fundulus confluentus
Fundulus bermudae, Günther 1874 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus bermudae, Günther 1874 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus bifax, Cashner, Rogers & Grady 1988
Fundulus capensis, Garman [S.] 1895 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus catenatus, (Storer 1846)
Fundulus chaplini, Fowler 1940 Synonym of Fundulus confluentus
Fundulus coenicola, Bloch & Schneider 1801 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus confluentus, Goode & Bean in Goode 1879
Fundulus diaphanus, (Lesueur 1817)
Fundulus elictus, Able & Felley 1988 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus extensus, Jordan & Gilbert 1882 Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus
Fundulus fasciata, Bloch & Schneider 1801 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus flavula, Mitchill 1814 Synonym of Fundulus majalis
Fundulus floridensis, Girard 1859 Synonym of Fundulus grandis
Fundulus fonticola, Valenciennes, Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus formosa, Storer 1842 Synonym of Fundulus majalis
Fundulus funduloides, Evermann 1892 Synonym of Fundulus pulvereus
Fundulus grandis, Baird & Girard 1853
Fundulus grandissimus, Hubbs 1936
Fundulus herminiamatildae García-Ramírez, et al. 2021 Synonym of Fundulus herminiamatildarum
Fundulus herminiamatildarum García-Ramírez, et al. 2021
Fundulus heteroclitus, Linnaeus 1766
Fundulus jenkinsi, (Evermann 1892)
Fundulus julisia, Williams & Etnier 1982
Fundulus lozanoi, Gomez Caruana, Peiro Gomez & Sanchez Artal 1984 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus macrolepidota, Walbaum 1792 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus majalis, (Walbaum 1792)
Fundulus menona, Jordan & Copeland in Jordan 1877 Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus
Fundulus mudfish, Lacepède 1803 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus multifaciata, Lesueur 1817 Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus
Fundulus nigrofaciata, Lesueur 1817 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus nisorius, Cope 1870 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus ocellaris, Jordan & Gilbert 1882 Synonym of Fundulus confluentus
Fundulus ornata, Lesueur 1817 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus pallidus, Evermann 1892 Synonym of Fundulus grandis
Fundulus persimilis, Miller 1955
Fundulus philpisteri, Garcia-Ramirez, Contreras-Balderas & Lozano-Vilano 2007
Fundulus pisciculus, Mitchill 1815 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus pisculentus, Mitchill 1815 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus pulvereus, (Evermann 1892)
Fundulus rathbuni, Jordan & Meek in Jordan 1896
Fundulus relictus, Able & Felley 1988 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus rhizophorae, Goode 1877 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus rhizophorae, Goode 1877 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus saguanus, Rivas 1948
Fundulus seminolis, Girard 1859a
Fundulus similis, (Baird & Girard 1853)
Fundulus stellifer, (Jordan 1877)
Fundulus swampina, Lacepède 1803 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus trifasciata, Storer 1837 Synonym of Fundulus majalis
Fundulus vernalis, Valenciennes, Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846 Synonym of Fundulus majalis
Fundulus vinctus,Jordan & Gilbert 1882 Synonym of Fundulus parvipinnis
Fundulus viridescens, DeKay 1842 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus waccamensis, Hubbs & Raney 1946
Fundulus zebra, DeKay 1842 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus zonatus, Mitchill 1815 Synonym of Fundulus majalis
Untergattung Fundulus, (Lacépéde, 1803)
Fundulus albolineatus, Gilbert 1891
Report of Explorations made in Alabama during 1889, with Notes on the Fishes of the Tennessee, Alabama, and Escambia Rivers. Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., 9: 149, pl. 43 (fig. 1).
Type locality: Spring creek, Huntsville, Alabama, U.S.A.
Fundulus bifax, Cashner, Rogers & Grady 1988
Fundulus bifax, a new Species of the Subgenus Xenisma, from the Tallapoosa and Coosa River Systems of Alabama and Georgia. Copeia, (3): 675, fig. 1.
Type locality: Tallapoosa river, 5.3 km south-southeast of Daviston, Tallapoosa county, Alabama, U.S.A.#
Fundulus catenatus, (Storer 1846)
A Synopsis of the Fishes of North America. Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. Boston, 2: 430.
Type locality: Tennessee river at Florence, Alabama, U.S.A.
Fundulus confluentus, Goode & Bean in Goode 1879
A preliminary Catalog of the Fishes of the St. John's River and the east Coast of Florida, with Descriptions of a new Genus and three new Species. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 2: 118.
Type locality: lake Monroe, Florida, U.S.A.
Fundulus diaphanus, (Lesueur 1817)
Descriptions of four new Species, and two Varieties of the Genus Hydrargira.
J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1: 130.
Type locality: Saratoga lake, New York (and Pipe Creek, Maryland), U.S.A.
Fundulus grandis, Baird & Girard 1853
Description of new Species of Fishes collected by Mr. John H. Clark, on the U.S. and Mexican Boundary Survey under Lt. Col. Jus. D. Graham. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 6: 389.
Type locality: near Indianola, Texas, U.S.A.
Fundulus grandissimus, Hubbs 1936
Fishes of the Yucatan Peninsula. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Pub., 457: 209, pl. 2 (figs. 3-4).
Type locality: Progreso, Yucatán, Mexico.
Fundulus herminiamatildarum García-Ramírez, et al. 2021 (changed 2022)
Fundulus herminiamatildae: a new species of killifish (Teleostei: Fundulidae) from the upper Río Soto La Marina basin, Nuevo León, México. American International Journal of Biology, Vol. 9, No. 2,
Abstract
Fundulus herminiamatildae sp. nov. Is endemic from the Marmolejo stream, a head water tributary of Río Soto La Marina basin, in the municipality of Aramberri, Nuevo León, México. Geologically, it is located in the Northeastern province of México, specifically in the Sierra Madre Oriental subprovince. The water temperatura is a determinant and important factor for the species differentiation. Its closest relative is F. philpisteri. Fundulus herminiamatildae is distinguished from other killifishes by a large number of conspicuous and simple lateral bars, body with high profile, and the following proportions in cephalic length: snout (2.5- 2.9, mean 2.7) eye diameter (4.1-4.9, mean 4.5), and Preorbital length (2.7-3.1, mean 2.9
Fundulus heteroclitus, Linnaeus 1766
Systema Naturae sive Regna tria Naturae, secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, Ed. 12, vol. 1: 500.
Type locality: Charles-Town (today Charleston), Carolina, U.S.A.
Fundulus jenkinsi, (Evermann 1892)
A Report upon Investigations made in Texas in 1891.
Bull. U.S. Fish Comm. for 1891, 11 (2), 1891: 86, pl. 36 (fig. 2).
Type locality: Dickinson Bayou, near Galveston, Texas, U.S.A.
Fundulus julisia, Williams & Etnier 1982
Description of a new Species, Fundulus julisia, with a Redescription of Fundulus albolineatus and a Diagnosis of the Subgenus Xenisma (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae). Occasional Papers Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 102: 11, fig. 2.
Type locality: tributary to West Fork Hickory creek at Tennessee highway 55, Summitville, Coffee county, Tennessee, U.S.A.
Fundulus julisia
Fundulus majalis, (Walbaum 1792)
Petri Artedi sueci Genera Piscium. Ichthyologiae. Pars III. Crypes Walida: 12.
Type locality: Long island, New York, north America (U.S.A.).
Fundulus persimilis, Miller 1955
An annotated List of the American Cyprinodontid Fishes of the genus Fundulus, with the Description of Fundulus persimilis from Yucatan. Occasional Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 568: 13, pl. 1.
Type locality: río Lagartos, near the settlement of Lagartos, at the tip of Yucatán, Mexico.
Fundulus philpisteri, Garcia-Ramirez, Contreras-Balderas & Lozano-Vilano 2007
Fundulus philpisteri sp. nv. (Teleostei: Fundulidae) from the Río San Fernando basin, Nuevo León, México. Pp. 13-19 in:M. de L. Lozano-Vilano & S. Contreras-Balderas (eds) Studies on North American dessert fishes in honor of E.P. (Phil) Pister, conservationist. University de Autónoma de Nuevo León, Mexico. Studies North Amererican Desert Fishes: 13-19.
Distribution: San Ignacio springs and neighboring springs, Linares, Nuevo León, Mexico.
Fundulus pulvereus, (Evermann 1892)
A Report upon Investigations made in Texas in 1891.
Bull. U.S. Fish Comm. for 1891, 11 (2), 1891: 85, pl. 36 (fig. 1).
Type locality: Dickinson Bayou, Dickinson (also, Buffalo Bayou, Houston and the mouth of Oso Creek, Corpus Christi), Texas, U.S.A.
Fundulus rathbuni, Jordan & Meek in Jordan 1896
Descriptions of fourteen Species of Freshwater Fishes collected by the U.S. Fish Commision in the summer of 1888. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 11 (723): 356, pl. 44 (fig. 7).
Type locality: Allemance creek, Greensborough, north Carolina, U.S.A.
Fundulus saguanus, Rivas 1948
Cyprinodont Fishes of the Genus Fundulus in the West Indies, with Description of a new Subspecies from Cuba. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 98 (3229): 218, pl. 14.
Type locality: Playa Uvero, ca. 18 km northeast of Sagua La Grande, Las Villas Province, Cuba
Fundulus seminolis, Girard 1859a
Ichthyological Notices. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 11: 60.
Type locality: Palatka, eastern Florida, U.S.A.
Fundulus similis, (Baird & Girard 1853)
Description of new Species of Fishes collected by Mr. John H. Clark, on the U.S. and Mexican Boundary Survey under Lt. Col. Jus. D. Graham. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 6: 389.
Type locality: near Indianola, Texas, U.S.A.
Fundulus stellifer, (Jordan 1877)
A partial Synopsis of the Fishes of upper Georgia. Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. New York, 11, n° 11-12 (June): 322.
Type locality: Silver creek, tributary of Etowah river (also Lavender and Rocky creeks, resp. tributary of Oostanaula and Coosa rivers), Georgia, U.S.A.
Fundulus waccamensis, Hubbs & Raney 1946
Endemic Fish Fauna of Lake Waccamaw, North Carolina. Miscellaneous Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, 65: 12, pl. 1 (figs. 1-2).
Type locality: northern shore of lake Waccamaw, Columbus County, north Carolina, U.S.A.
Untergattung Plancterus, Garman 1895 (2 Arten)
The cyprinodonts. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology v. 19 (pt 1): 1-179, Pls. 1-12.
Fundulus adinia, Jordan & Gilbert 1883 Synonym of Fundulus zebrinus
Fundulus kansae, Girard 1859b
Fundulus zebra, Girard 1859 Synonym of Fundulus zebrinus
Fundulus zebrinus, Jordan & Gilbert 1883
Fundulus kansae, Girard 1859b
The Cyprinodonts. Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard, 19 (1): 103, pl. 2 (fig. 10).
Type locality: Kansas state (without details), U.S.A.
Fundulus zebrinus, Jordan & Gilbert 1883
A Synopsis of the Fishes of North America. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., 16: 891.
Type locality: between Fort Defiance (35.75N 109.11W) and Fort Union (35.92N 105.03W), (eastern) New Mexico state (probably in an upper tributary of Rio Grande del Norte or of Rio Brazos), U.S.A.
Fundulus zebrinus "Pease River Bridge at Copper Breaks State Park"
Untergattung Wileyichthys, Ghedotti & Davis 2013 (2 Arten)
Phylogeny, classification, and evolution of salinity of tolerance the North American topminnows and killifishes, family Fundulidae (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes). Fieldiana Life and Earth Sciences No. 7: 1-65.
Fundulus brevis, Osburn & Nichols 1916 Synonym of Fundulus parvipinnis
Fundulus lima, Vaillant 1894
Fundulus meeki, Evermann 1908 Synonym of Fundulus lima
Fundulus parvipinnis, Girard 1856
Fundulus vinctus, Jordan & Gilbert 1882 Synonym of Fundulus parvipinnis
Fundulus parvipinnis, Girard 1856
Observations upon a Collection of Fishes made on the Pacific coast of the United States, by Lieut. W.P. Trowbridge, U.S.A., for the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 7: 154.
Type locality: San Diego, California, U.S.A.
Fundulus lima, Vaillant 1894
Sur une Collection de Poissons recueillis en Basse-California et dans le Golfe par M. Léon Diguet. Bull. Soc. Philomatique Paris, 8, 6: 71.
Type locality: San Ignacio de Caracamande, central Baja California, Mexico.
Untergattung Zygonectes, Agassiz 1854 (14 Arten)
Fundulus arlingtonia, Goode & Bean 1879 Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus
Fundulus aureus, Cope 1865 Synonym of Fundulus notatus
Fundulus auroguttatus, Hay 1885 Synonym of Fundulus cingulatus
Fundulus balboae, Fowler 1916 Synonym of Fundulus olivaceus
Fundulus blairae, Wiley & Hall 1975
Fundulus chrysotus, (Günther 1866)
Fundulus cingulatus, Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846
Fundulus dispar, (Agassiz 1854)
Fundulus escambiae, (Bollman 1887)
Fundulus euryzonus, Suttkus & Cashner 1981
Fundulus floripinnis, Cope 1874 Synonym of Fundulus sciadicus
Fundulus guttatus, Agassiz 1854 Synonym of Fundulus nottii
Fundulus henshalli, Zygonectes Jordan 1880 Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus
Fundulus hieroglyphicus, Agassiz 1854 Synonym of Fundulus nottii
Fundulus kompi, Hildebrand & Towers 1928 Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus
Fundulus lateralis, Agassiz 1854 Synonym of Fundulus olivaceus
Fundulus lineatus, Garman 1881 Synonym of Fundulus sciadicus
Fundulus lineolatus, (Agassiz 1854),
Fundulus luciae, Baird 1855
Fundulus macdonaldi, Meek 1891 Synonym of Fundulus sciadicus
Fundulus multifasciata, Girard [C. F.] 1859 Synonym of Fundulus xenicus
Fundulus notatus, (Rafinesque 1820)
Fundulus nottii, (Agassiz 1854)
Fundulus olivaceus, (Storer 1846)
Fundulus pulchellus, Girard 1859 Synonym of Fundulus olivaceus
Fundulus rubrifrons, (Jordan 1880)
Fundulus scartes, Meek 1896 Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus
Fundulus sciadicus, Cope 1865
Fundulus tenellus, Baird & Girard 1853 Synonym of Fundulus notatus
Fundulus xenicus, Jordan & Gilbert 1882
Fundulus zonatus, Agassiz 1854 Synonym of Fundulus notatus
Fundulus blairae, Wiley & Hall 1975
Fundulus blairae, a new Species of the Fundulus nottii Species Complex (Teleostei, Cyprinodontidae). Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2577: 3, figs. 1-2, 3a.
Type locality: Neville Bayou at Texas highway 105, 2.6 miles (4.2 km) east of crossing of FM 223 and Texas 105, Liberty county, Texas, U.S.A.
Fundulus chrysotus, (Günther 1866)
Catalog of Fishes in the British Museum. British Museum, London., 6: 317.
Type locality: Charleston, South Carolina, U.S.A.
Fundulus cingulatus, Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846
Histoire naturelle des Poissons.
Librairie de la Société Géologique de France, Bertrand P. Ed., Paris, 18: 197.
Type locality: southeastern U.S.A. (without details ; type locality of auroguttatus subsequently assigned).
Fundulus cingulatus "3 Mile Creek-Elberta"
Fundulus dispar, (Agassiz 1854)
Notes on a Collection of Fishes from the Southern Bend of the Tennessee River in the State of Alabama. Am. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 17 (50): 353.
Type locality: opposite St. Louis, Missouri (today East St. Louis, Illinois), U.S.A.
Fundulus escambiae, (Bollman 1887)
Notes on a collection of fishes from the Escambia River, with description of a new species of Zygonectes (Zygonectes escambiae). Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 9 (no. 585): 462-465.
Distribution: Southeastern U.S.A: coastal plain streams, Florida to Alabama.
Fundulus euryzonus, Suttkus & Cashner 1981
A new Species of Cyprinodontid Fish Genus Fundulus (Zygonectes), from Lake Ponchartrain Tributaries in Louisiana and Mississippi. Bull. Alabama Mus. Nat. Hist., 6: 2, figs. 1a, 2a, 3a.
Type locality: East Fork Big creek, tributary of Tangipahoa river, 11.2 km east of Arcola (Louisiana Hwy 1054), Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana state, U.S.A.
Fundulus lineolatus, (Agassiz 1854),
Notes on a Collection of Fishes from the Southern Bend of the Tennessee River in the State of Alabama. Am. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 17 (50): 353.
Type locality: vicinity of Augusta, Georgia state, U.S.A.
Fundulus luciae, Baird 1855
Report on the Fishes observed on the Coasts of New Jersey and Long Island during the Summer of 1854. Ann. Rept. Smithsonian Inst., 344.
Type locality: Robinson's landing, Peck's beach, opposite Beesley's Point, Cape May county, New Jersey, U.S.A.
Fundulus luciae "Little-River SC"
Fundulus notatus, (Rafinesque 1820)
Ichthyologica Ohiensis or natural History of the Fishes inhabiting the river Ohio and its Tributary streams. W.G. Hunt, Lexington, Kentucky: 86.
Type locality: Cumberland river (also Little river, one of its branch), southern Kentucky, U.S.A.
Fundulus nottii, (Agassiz 1854)
Notes on a Collection of Fishes from the Southern Bend of the Tennessee River in the State of Alabama. Am. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 17 (50): 353.
Info
Type locality: Mobile, Alabama state, U.S.A.
Fundulus xenicus, Jordan & Gilbert 1882
Notes on fishes observed about Pensacola, Florida, and Galveston, Texas, with description of new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 282): 241-307.
Distribution: Southeastern U.S.A.
Fundulus olivaceus, (Storer 1846)
Dr. D.H. Storer read a Description of a Fish from Alabama, forwarded, with a Drawing, by Charles A. Hentz, Florence, Alabama. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 2 (1845-1848): 51.
Type locality: Florence, Alabama, U.S.A.
Fundulus rubrifrons, (Jordan 1880)
Description of new Species of North American Fishes. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 3: 237.
Type locality: Saint Sebastian river (today Sebastian river), southeastern Florida, U.S.A.
Fundulus rubrifrons "Fargo"
Fundulus sciadicus, Cope 1865
Partial Catalog of Coldblooded Vertebrata of Michigan. Part II. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 17: 78.
Type locality: Platte river, Nebraska, U.S.A.
Fundulus sciadicus "Agate Colorado"
Fundulus xenicus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882
Diamond killifish (Adinia xenica)
Notes on fishes observed about Pensacola, Florida, and Galveston, Texas, with description of new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 5 (no. 282): 241-307. [Pp. 241-272 published 16 Aug., 273-307 on 22 Aug.]
Fundulus xenicus (Adinia xenica)
Phylogeny, classification, and evolution of salinity of tolerance the North American topminnows and killifishes, family Fundulidae (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes). Fieldiana Life and Earth Sciences No. 7: 1-65.
Ghedotti, M. J. and M. P. Davis 2013
Abstract:
The North American topminnows and killifishes in the Family Fundulidae (Cyprinodontiformes) are widely distributed in freshwater, brackish, and coastal marine environments of North America, the Yucatan Peninsula, and Bermuda. Fundulid fishes are often found in habitats that undergo substantial variation in environmental conditions. Salinity tolerance of fundulids varies substantially, and some estuarine species can survive in water that is more than three times marine salinity, whereas other freshwater species can only tolerate up to one-third marine salinity. While the Family Fundulidae has been the focus of numerous phylogenetic investigations, their evolutionary relationships to other cyprinodontiforms and the evolutionary history of species within the family are in need of further investigation with robust taxonomic sampling. In this study we provide the most data-inclusive current hypothesis of evolutionary relationships for the Fundulidae, based on a combination of morphological, karyological, behavioral, and nucleotide (two mitochondrial and two nuclear genes) data. We revise the classification of the family based on this evolutionary framework. Our results indicate that the Family Fundulidae is monophyletic, and the sister group to a clade composed of the Cyprinodontidae, Profundulidae, and Goodeidae within the Cyprinodontiformes. We recognize three genera, Leptolucania, Lucania, and Fundulus, and synonymize Adinia with Fundulus. We recognize four subgenera within genus Fundulus: Plancterus, Zygonectes, Fundulus, and a newly described subgenus containing the two Pacific-coast Fundulus species. Ancestral-state reconstructions of salinity tolerance indicate that there may have been as many as five independent shifts from high to low tolerance within the family, and that salinity tolerance evolution likely was an important factor in the biogeographic history of Fundulidae, shaping current fundulid distributions.
REVIEW PAPER Evolution, ecology and physiology of amphibious killifishes (Cyprinodontiformes)
A. J. Turko and P. A. Wright. Journal of Fish Biology (2015) 87, 815–835
The order Cyprinodontiformes contains an exceptional diversity of amphibious taxa, including at least 34 species from six families. These cyprinodontiforms often inhabit intertidal or ephemeral habitats characterized by low dissolved oxygen or otherwise poor water quality, conditions that have been hypothesized to drive the evolution of terrestriality. Most of the amphibious species are found in the Rivulidae, Nothobranchiidae and Fundulidae. It is currently unclear whether the pattern of amphibiousness observed in the Cyprinodontiformes is the result of repeated, independent evolutions, or stems from an amphibious common ancestor. Amphibious cyprinodontiforms leave water for a variety of reasons: some species emerse only briefly, to escape predation or capture prey, while others occupy ephemeral habitats by living for months at a time out of water. Fishes able to tolerate months of emersion must maintain respiratory gas exchange, nitrogen excretion and water and salt balance, but to date knowledge of the mechanisms that facilitate homeostasis on land is largely restricted to model species. This review synthesizes the available literature describing amphibious lifestyles in cyprinodontiforms, compares the behavioural and physiological strategies used to exploit the terrestrial environment and suggests directions and ideas for future research.
Fundulus adinia, Jordan & Gilbert 1883 Synonym of Fundulus zebrinus
Fundulus albolineatus, Gilbert 1891
Fundulus antillarum, Fowler 1916 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus arlingtonia, Goode & Bean 1879 Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus
Fundulus aureus, Cope 1865 Synonym of Fundulus notatus
Fundulus auroguttatus, Hay 1885 Synonym of Fundulus cingulatus
Fundulus balboae, Fowler 1916 Synonym of Fundulus olivaceus
Fundulus bartrami, Fundulus Fowler 1941 Synonym of Fundulus confluentus
Fundulus bermudae, Günther 1874 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus bermudae, Günther 1874 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus bifax, Cashner, Rogers & Grady 1988
Fundulus blairae, Wiley & Hall 1975
Fundulus brevis, Osburn & Nichols 1916 Synonym of Fundulus parvipinnis
Fundulus capensis, Garman [S.] 1895 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus catenatus, (Storer 1846)
Fundulus chaplini, Fowler 1940 Synonym of Fundulus confluentus
Fundulus chrysotus, (Günther 1866)
Fundulus cingulatus, Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846
Fundulus coenicola, Bloch & Schneider 1801 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus confluentus, Goode & Bean in Goode 1879
Fundulus diaphanus, (Lesueur 1817)
Fundulus dispar, (Agassiz 1854)
Fundulus elictus, Able & Felley 1988 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus escambiae, (Bollman 1887)
Fundulus euryzonus, Suttkus & Cashner 1981
Fundulus extensus, Jordan & Gilbert 1882 Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus
Fundulus fasciata, Bloch & Schneider 1801 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus flavula, Mitchill 1814 Synonym of Fundulus majalis
Fundulus floridensis, Girard 1859 Synonym of Fundulus grandis
Fundulus floripinnis, Cope 1874 Synonym of Fundulus sciadicus
Fundulus fonticola, Valenciennes, Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus formosa, Storer 1842 Synonym of Fundulus majalis
Fundulus funduloides, Evermann 1892 Synonym of Fundulus pulvereus
Fundulus grandis, Baird & Girard 1853
Fundulus grandissimus, Hubbs 1936
Fundulus guttatus, Agassiz 1854 Synonym of Fundulus nottii
Fundulus henshalli, Zygonectes Jordan 1880 Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus
Fundulus heteroclitus, Linnaeus 1766
Fundulus hieroglyphicus, Agassiz 1854 Synonym of Fundulus nottii
Fundulus jenkinsi, (Evermann 1892)
Fundulus julisia, Williams & Etnier 1982
Fundulus kansae, Girard 1859b
Fundulus kompi, Hildebrand & Towers 1928 Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus
Fundulus lateralis, Agassiz 1854 Synonym of Fundulus olivaceus
Fundulus lima, Vaillant 1894
Fundulus lineatus, Garman 1881 Synonym of Fundulus sciadicus
Fundulus lineolatus, (Agassiz 1854),
Fundulus lozanoi, Gomez Caruana, Peiro Gomez & Sanchez Artal 1984 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus luciae, Baird 1855
Fundulus macdonaldi, Meek 1891 Synonym of Fundulus sciadicus
Fundulus macrolepidota, Walbaum 1792 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus majalis, (Walbaum 1792)
Fundulus meeki, Evermann 1908 Synonym of Fundulus lima
Fundulus menona, Jordan & Copeland in Jordan 1877 Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus
Fundulus mudfish, Lacepède 1803 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus multifaciata, Lesueur 1817 Synonym of Fundulus diaphanus
Fundulus multifasciata, Girard [C. F.] 1859 Synonym of Fundulus xenicus
Fundulus nigrofaciata, Lesueur 1817 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus nisorius, Cope 1870 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus notatus, (Rafinesque 1820)
Fundulus nottii, (Agassiz 1854)
Fundulus ocellaris, Jordan & Gilbert 1882 Synonym of Fundulus confluentus
Fundulus olivaceus, (Storer 1846)
Fundulus ornata, Lesueur 1817 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus pallidus, Evermann 1892 Synonym of Fundulus grandis
Fundulus parvipinnis, Girard 1856
Fundulus persimilis, Miller 1955
Fundulus philpisteri, Garcia-Ramirez, Contreras-Balderas & Lozano-Vilano 2007
Fundulus pisciculus, Mitchill 1815 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus pisculentus, Mitchill 1815 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus pulchellus, Girard 1859 Synonym of Fundulus olivaceus
Fundulus pulvereus, (Evermann 1892)
Fundulus rathbuni, Jordan & Meek in Jordan 1896
Fundulus relictus, Able & Felley 1988 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus rhizophorae, Goode 1877 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus rhizophorae, Goode 1877 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus rubrifrons, (Jordan 1880)
Fundulus saguanus, Rivas 1948
Fundulus scartes, Meek 1896 Synonym of Fundulus chrysotus
Fundulus sciadicus, Cope 1865
Fundulus seminolis, Girard 1859a
Fundulus similis, (Baird & Girard 1853)
Fundulus stellifer, (Jordan 1877)
Fundulus swampina, Lacepède 1803 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus tenellus, Baird & Girard 1853 Synonym of Fundulus notatus
Fundulus trifasciata, Storer 1837 Synonym of Fundulus majalis
Fundulus vernalis, Valenciennes, Cuvier & Valenciennes 1846 Synonym of Fundulus majalis
Fundulus vinctus, Jordan & Gilbert 1882 Synonym of Fundulus parvipinnis
Fundulus vinctus,Jordan & Gilbert 1882 Synonym of Fundulus parvipinnis
Fundulus viridescens, DeKay 1842 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus waccamensis, Hubbs & Raney 1946
Fundulus xenicus, Jordan & Gilbert 1882
Fundulus zebra, DeKay 1842 Synonym of Fundulus heteroclitus
Fundulus zebra, Girard 1859 Synonym of Fundulus zebrinus
Fundulus zebrinus, Jordan & Gilbert 1883
Fundulus zonatus, Agassiz 1854 Synonym of Fundulus notatus
Fundulus zonatus, Mitchill 1815 Synonym of Fundulus majalis